Foundation :-Foundation is the lowest part of a structure which provides a base for the super-structure(building).In other words,it is the artificial arrangement to transmit the loads of the structure like piles, raft, grillage, etc. to the soil below.
 |
| fig 1 |
 |
| fig 2 |
|
Types Of Foundations :- Basically there are two types of foundations as under:-
- Shallow Foundation
- Deep Foundation
Shallow Foundation
When the foundation is placed immediately beneath the lowest part of the super structure,it is termed as shallow foundation.The object of this type of foundation is to distribute the structural loads over a wide horizontal area at shallow depth below the ground level.
 |
| fig 1 |
 |
| fig 2 |
When the strata of good bearing capacity is not available near the ground,the foundation of the structure has to be taken deep with the purpose of attaining a bearing capacity of soil which is suitable in all respects.
 |
| fig 1 |
|
 |
| fig 2 |
